코세라 강의 요약 - IBM 클라우드 컴퓨팅 [Introduction to Cloud Computing]

핵심요약

Emerging Technologies

Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain and Analytics

 

cloud service models

cloud—Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS), and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). 

 

Deployment Models

Public,Private,Hybrid

 

Cloud Infrastructure

Virtual Machines, Bare Metal Servers, Secure Cloud Networking, Containers

 

Cloud Storage

Direct Attached, File, Block, and Object Storage

 

Content Delivery Networks(CDN)

 

Hybrid Multicloud, Micorservices, and Serverless

Cloud Native, DevOps, and Application Modernization

 

 

 

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MODULE 1: Cloud Computing 

  

    LESSON 1: Overview of Cloud Computing  

essential characteristics, evolution, and the business case for cloud adoption

 

     Business case for Cloud Computing

•  ranging from Infrastructure, Platform, and Software services.
• Some major Cloud providers of our times include AWS, Alibaba Cloud, Google, IBM, and Microsoft Azure.

     LESSON 2: Emerging Technologies accelerated by cloud

• Internet of Things on the cloud
  The use of the Internet of Things on the cloud to combat poaching of endangered rhinos in South Africa
• Artificial Intelligence on the cloud
  Artificial Intelligence on the cloud being leveraged to deliver unique digital experiences to millions of fans around the world by the United States Tennis Association
• Blockchain and Analytics on the cloud
  Blockchain on the cloud helping farmers reduce waste by building traceability and transparency in the food supply chain
• The use of data analytics for driving predictive maintenance solutions for a city’s infrastructure by KONE
  

  

MODULE 2: Cloud Computing Models

       

     LESSON 1:Service Models

•  Overview of cloud service models
  Cloud computing allows us to utilize technology as a service, leveraging remote resources on-demand, on a pay-as-you-model. There are three main service models available on the cloud—Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS), and Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). 
•  Infrastructure-as-a-Service
  IaaS provides the fundamental compute, network, and storage resources for customers on-demand. 
• Platform-as-a-Service
  PaaS provides customers the hardware, software, and infrastructure to develop, deploy, manage, and run applications created by them or acquired from a third-party.
• Software-as-a-Service
  SaaS provides access to users to a service provider’s cloud-based software. Users simply access the applications on Cloud while the Cloud provider maintains the infrastructure, platform, data, application code, security, availability, and performance of the application.

 

     LESSON 2: Deployment Models

• three main deployment models available on the cloud—
• Public - the service provider owns, manages, provisions, and maintains the physical infrastructure such as data centers, servers, networking equipment, and storage, with users accessing virtualized compute, networking and storage resources as services.
• Private - the provider provisions the cloud infrastructure for exclusive use by a single organization. The private cloud infrastructure can be internal to the organization and run or on-premises. Or, it can be on a public cloud, as in case of Virtual Private Clouds (VPC) and be owned, managed, and operated by the cloud provider. 
• Hybrid - an organization’s on-premise private cloud and third-party, public cloud is connected as a single, flexible infrastructure leveraging the features and benefits of both Public and Private clouds.

  

MODULE 3: Components of cloud computing

     Introduction and Learning Objectives

     LESSON 1: Cloud Infrastructure

• Virtual Machines : 
• Shared or Public Cloud VMs that are provider-managed, multi-tenant deployments that can be provisioned on-demand with predefined sizes
• Transient or Spot VMs that take advantage of unused capacity in a cloud data center
• Reserved VMs that allow you to reserve capacity and guarantee resources for future deployments
• Dedicated hosts that offer single-tenant isolation
• Bare Metal Servers :
• single-tenant physical servers that are dedicated to a single customer. Bare metal servers fulfill the demanding needs of high-performance computing (HPC) and data intense applications and are ideal for applications that have a high degree of security or compliance requirements.
• Secure Cloud Networking:
• Networking capabilities in the cloud are delivered as a service rather than in the form of rack-mounted devices. Cloud resources, such as VMs (or VSIs), storage, network connectivity, and load balancers, are deployed into subnets within Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs). Using private and public subnets allows users to deploy multi-tier enterprise applications securely. Load balancers distribute the traffic and allow applications to be responsive.

• Containers : 
• Containers are an executable unit of software in which application code is packaged, along with its libraries and dependencies, in common ways so that it can be run anywhere—desktops, traditional IT, or the cloud. Containers are lighter weight and consume fewer resources than Virtual Machines - helping streamline the development and deployment of cloud native applications.

     LESSON 2: Cloud Storage and Content Delivery Networks

• Basics of cloud storage
  Cloud storage is available in four main types–Direct Attached, File, Block, and Object Storage. These storage types differ in how they can be accessed, the capacity they offer, how much they cost, the types of data they are best suited to store, and their read-write speed.
• Direct Attached (or Local) Storage is storage that is presented directly to a cloud-based server and is effectively either within the host server chassis or within the same rack.
•  File Storage
  File Storage is typically presented to compute nodes as a Network File System (NFS), which means that the storage is connected to compute nodes over a standard ethernet network.
• Block Storage
  Block Storage is presented to compute nodes using high-speed fiber connections, typically provisioned in volumes, which are mounted onto a compute node. 
• Object Storage - Tiers and APIs
  Object Storage is accessed via an API and doesn’t need an underlying compute node. Object Storage offers infinite capacity as you can keep adding files to it and just pay for what you use. Compared to the other storage types, object storage is slowest in terms of read and write speeds.
• Content Delivery Networks
  A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a distributed server network that accelerates internet content delivery by delivering temporarily stored or cached copies of website or media content to users based on their geographic location. 
  

  

MODULE 4: Emergent trends & practices

     Introduction and Learning Objectives

     LESSON 1: Hybrid Multicloud, Micorservices, and Serverless

• Hybrid Multicloud is a cloud adoption strategy that makes it possible for public clouds, private clouds, and on-premises IT to interoperate seamlessly while leveraging the best cloud-based services from different public cloud providers.
• Microservices architecture is an approach in which an application is built as a collection of loosely coupled and independently deployable components or services, leading to efficient development, maintenance, and upgradation cycles.
• Serverless Computing is an approach to computing that offloads responsibility for common infrastructure management tasks for application runtimes to cloud providers, allowing developers to focus their time and effort on development and testing, and not have to worry about provisioning, maintaining and scaling compute resources.
  

     LESSON 2: Cloud Native, DevOps, and Application Modernization

• Cloud native applications are applications that are built or refactored to work in the cloud environment. These applications, developed using DevOps methodologies, consist of microservices packaged in containers that can run in any environment—making it possible to create and update features in quick iterative cycles.
• DevOps is a collaborative approach that enables development and operations teams to continuously deliver software in quick iterative cycles while reducing overhead, duplication, and rework. DevOps’ tools, practices, and processes help tackle the complexities and challenges posed by the cloud, allowing solutions to be delivered and updated —quickly and reliably.
• Application Modernization helps organizations accelerate their digital transformation, take advantage of new technologies and services, and become more responsive to changing market dynamics. Cloud computing is one of the key enablers of application modernization.

  

MODULE 5: Cloud Security and Monitoring, Case Studies, and Jobs

     Introduction and Learning Objectives

     LESSON 1: Cloud Security and Cloud Monitoring

• What is cloud security
  Cloud security refers to the policies, technological procedures, services, and solutions designed to secure the enterprise applications and data on cloud against insider threats, data breaches, compliance issues, and organized security threats.
• Cloud security is a shared responsibility between the cloud provider and the user organization.
• Security architecture and methods for achieving continuous security need to be embedded through the life cycle of an application to ensure that the application runs on a safe platform, the code is free from vulnerabilities, and the operational risks are understood.
• Identity and Access Management
  Identity and Access Management, also known as access control, helps authenticate and authorize users, and provide user-specific access to cloud resources, services, and applications.
• As part of their Identity and Access Management services, most cloud providers offer users the ability to define access groups and create access policies that define permissions for users on account resources.
• Cloud encryption
  Cloud encryption, often referred to as the last line of defense, not only encrypts data, but also provides robust data access control, key management, and certificate management.
• Data needs encryption in three states -

          -   Encryption at rest; protecting data while it is stored

          -   Encryption in transit; protecting data while it is transmitted from one location to another

          -   Encryption in use; protecting data when it is in use in memory

• Cloud monitoring - Basics and benefits
  There needs to be active monitoring of all connected systems and cloud-based services to maintain visibility of all data exchanges between public, private, and hybrid cloud environments. This ensures that the cloud provides a trusted platform that can securely integrate with your enterprise data centers.
  

     LESSON 2: Case Studies and Job Roles

Businesses all over the world are realizing tangible benefits from the use of cloud technologies and services. 

• The Weather Company migrating to the cloud to reliably deliver critical weather data at high speed, especially during major weather events such as hurricanes and tornadoes
• American Airlines using the cloud platform and technologies to deliver digital self-service tools and customer value more rapidly across its enterprise
• Cementos Pacasmayo achieving operational excellence and insight to help drive strategic transformation and reach new markets using cloud services
• Welch choosing cloud storage to drive business value from hybrid cloud
• LiquidPower using cloud-based SAP applications to fuel business growth

The market size of the cloud services industry is at nearly three times the growth of overall IT services, escalating the need for qualified cloud computing professionals. Some of the common job roles that are available in this domain include Cloud Software Engineers, Cloud Integration Specialists, Cloud Data Engineers, Cloud Security Engineers, Cloud DevOps Engineers, and Cloud Solution Architects